Today, we continue to stand with Kalam Imam Al-Qurtubi In his interpretation known as “The One who compiles the provisions of the Qur’an and clarifies what it contains of the Sunnah and the verses of Criterion,” and we read what he said in the interpretation of Surat Al-Ma’arij in verses 22 to 35: “Except those who pray” “Those who are constant in their prayers” “And in whose wealth there is a known right” for the questioner. And the deprived” “And those who give charity on the Day of Judgment” “And those who are anxious about the punishment of their Lord” “Indeed the punishment of their Lord is not safe” “And those who are guarders of their private parts” “Except for their wives “Or as long as their right hands possess it, they are not to be blamed.” “But whoever seeks beyond that, it is those who are transgressors.” “And those who are careful of their trusts and their covenants” “And those who stand by their testimony” “And those who are careful of their prayers” “Those will be honored in Gardens.”
God Almighty says: “Except those who pray” “Those who are constant in their prayers” “And those in whose wealth there is a known right” “For the beggar and the deprived” “And those who give in charity on the Day of Judgment” “And those who are from the punishment of his Lord “They are not compassionate.” “Indeed, the punishment of their Lord is not safe.” “And those who guard their private parts.” “Except against their wives or those whom their right hands possess, for they are not to be blamed.” “But whoever seeks beyond that – those are the transgressors.” “And those who are careful of their trusts and their covenants” “And those who are ungrateful.” “They will maintain their guidance.” “And those who will maintain their prayers.” “Those will be honored in Paradise.”
God Almighty’s saying: “Except those who pray” indicates that what comes before it is among the disbelievers, so “man” is a generic noun, as evidenced by the exception that follows it, such as God Almighty’s saying: “Indeed, man is in loss, except those who believe.” He said: [ص: 267] Al-Nakha’i: what is meant by the worshipers is those who perform the prescribed prayers. Ibn Masoud: those who pray it at its appointed time, but abandoning it is considered disbelief. It was said: they are the Companions, and it was said: they are the believers in general, for they overcome extreme anxiety with their trust in their Lord and their certainty.
Those who are constant in their prayers, that is, at its appointed times. Uqba bin Aamer said: They are the ones who, when they pray, do not look to the right or to the left, and the permanent ones who are still, and Ibn Jurayj and Al-Hasan said: They are the ones who perform voluntary acts of prayer frequently.
And those whose wealth has a known right means the obligatory zakat. This was said by Qatada and Ibn Sirin, and Mujahid said: other than zakat, and Ali bin Abi Talha said on the authority of Ibn Abbas: upholding ties of kinship and bearing all, and the first is more correct, because he described the right as being known, and other than zakat is not known, rather it is As needed, and that is more and less.
The beggar and the deprived have progress in offspring.
And those who believe in the Day of Judgment, that is, the Day of Recompense, which is the Day of Resurrection, and it was mentioned in Surat Al-Fatihah.
And those who are afraid of the punishment of their Lord, that is, fearful.
The punishment of their Lord is not safe. Ibn Abbas said: For whoever associates polytheists or denies his prophets, and it was said: No one is safe from him. Rather, everyone must fear Him and fear Him.
And those who guard their private parts, except for their wives or those whom their right hands possess, then they are not to be blamed. But whoever seeks beyond that, those are the transgressors. The saying was mentioned in Surah “Indeed, the believers have succeeded.”
And those who are shepherds of progress also for their trusts and covenants.
And those who, with their testimonies, are responsible for whoever it was, whether near or far, they keep it with the ruler and do not conceal it or change it. The statement about the testimony and its rulings has been mentioned in Surah “Al-Baqarah,” and Ibn Abbas said: With their testimonies that God is one and has no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger. It was read “because of their trustworthiness” according to monotheism, and it is the reading of Ibn Katheer and Ibn Muhaisn. Trust is a general noun, so it includes the trusts of religion, for the laws are trusts that God has entrusted to His servants, and it includes people’s trusts from deposits. All of this was mentioned and completed in Surah “An-Nisa,” and it was read Abbas Al-Duri, on the authority of Abu Amr and Yaqoub, “with their testimonies” in the plural, the rest with their testimony to monotheism, because it leads from the plural, and the infinitive may be singular even if it is added to the plural, and Al-Farra said: What indicates that it is by their testimony is monotheism, the Almighty’s saying: And establish testimony to God.
And those who perform their prayers observe, Qatada said: their ablution, bowing, and prostration. [ص: 268] Ibn Jurayj said: Voluntary, and it has been mentioned in Surah “Al-Mu’minun”, so permanence is different from observance, so their permanence in performing it is to maintain its performance, not neglecting it or distracting from it with any concerns, and preserving it is to take into account performing ablution for it and its times, and establishing its pillars, and completing it with its Sunnahs and etiquettes. They protect them from frustration when the sin approaches, as continuity is due to the same prayers, and preservation is due to their conditions.
Those will be honored in Gardens, that is, God will honor them there with all kinds of blessings.
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